Minggu, 22 April 2012

[Z325.Ebook] Ebook Free Modern Italy: A Political History, by Denis Mack Smith

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Modern Italy: A Political History, by Denis Mack Smith

This history of modern Italy began in March 1861 when Count Camillo Cavour proclaimed a united Italian kingdom with the goal of creating a prosperous, liberal new power in Europe. For a country whose ancient heritage had placed it at the center of western culture, this late entry into nationhood and rapid reach for power would bring frequent crisis. In this fully revised edition of his classic history of the country, Denis Mack Smith provides a complete and engaging narrative of the fate of Italy from Risorgimento to the present.
For sixty years after 1861 Italy was governed by a liberal oligarchy under a parliamentary constitution. Italy chose the winning side in the First World War, but the enormous costs of victory revealed social tensions and constitutional weaknesses that prepared the way, after 1920, for Europe's first fascist dictatorship.
After the painful civil war that followed World War II, Italy rediscovered liberal democracy, and under a new republican regime became one of the major industrialized countries of the world.
First published in 1958 as Italy: A Modern History, the book has been substantially rewritten with a new section on the period after 1945, a new bibliography, new maps, and updated factual appendices. Stylish, clearly written, deeply informed and often controversial, it remains the definitive account for anyone interested in modern Italy.
". . . an extraordinarily good and concise introduction to the scandals that almost destroyed the Italian Republic." --Alexander DeGrand, North Carolina State University
"No one will be surprised that in this new edition Mack Smith recounts the recent history of the Republic up to 1996 with the same shrewd authorial eye, both distant and perceptive, the deep knowledge, and the skill that made the older edition of this book a classic." --Raymond Grew, University of Michigan
Denis Mack Smith is a Fellow of the British Academy and Wolfson College, Oxford, and a foreign member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He has been awarded a dozen literary prizes in Italy and is a Commendatore of the Italian Order of Merit. Among his recent books are Italy and Its Monarchy (1989) and Mazzini (1994).

  • Sales Rank: #1682036 in Books
  • Published on: 1997-12-01
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.50" w x 6.00" l, 1.84 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 522 pages

From Kirkus Reviews
A magisterial study that will continue to be the benchmark for political histories of modern Italy. Mack Smith (Oxford Univ.) is considered the foremost historian of modern Italy in the English-speaking world, the author of biographies on Mussolini, Garibaldi, Mazzini and Victor Emanuele, and Cavour. Mack Smith has also written on Italy's unification and its monarchy. First published in 1959, the present work is fully updated (to 1996) and has been substantially rewritten. It is the most comprehensive and accessible study we have of modern Italy. The author is partial to the liberal-conservative tradition, but this in no way prevents him from criticizing the many faults of liberal Italy as it developed after unification: Social and economic problems were exacerbated rather than solved (or even addressed); the virus of nationalism and the myth of a Roman empire were carelessly and recklessly promulgated; and perhaps most dangerous of all, the political elite failed to forge a true civic culture after centuries of foreign and domestic despotism. The recent corruption scandals that have rocked the country and destroyed the old political order had their roots in the immediate postwar period, while we now know that the threat of terrorism was much graver from the shadowy Right than from the more dramatic Left. Mack Smith ends on a note of cautious optimism but the reader might come away a bit more pessimistic. Simplya classic. -- Copyright ©1998, Kirkus Associates, LP. All rights reserved.

About the Author
Smith is a Fellow of the British Academy and Wolfson College, Oxford and a foreign member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences

Most helpful customer reviews

15 of 16 people found the following review helpful.
A very thorough review of Italian politics since unification
By Tony Quain
In this book, I got exactly what I wanted: an understanding of the actors, events, and movements in Italian political history starting with unification in the mid-19th century. Cavour, Mazzini, Garibaldi, Crispi, Giolitti, Mussolini, De Gasperi. The author does a wonderful job of constructing these characters (and others) while conveying the changing political and societal backdrop in which they labored. A lack of tempocentrism and equal emphasis on the earlier periods were very positive in my view. Detailed explanations of the causes, mechanisms, and failures of Mussolini and fascism were especially well done.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Filled in the Blanks
By James DiBiase
I wanted a background on the history of the Italian Republic of which I knew nothing about. This book fills in the blanks very well without getting too detailed.

0 of 0 people found the following review helpful.
unfortunately this attempt pales in comparison and is not a text I would recommend the true seeker or student of Italian history
By adepss
Although touted by the british as the expert on modern Italian history Mack Smith is virtually laughed at in Italy amongst academics, his lack of research in anything other than works written in English and his penchant for re interpreting many events to his own likeing spoil the subject.

Study Italian and other texts written on the subject in german or French and you will gain much much clearer and more accurate insights into modern Italian History, unfortunately this attempt pales in comparison and is not a text I would recommend the true seeker or student of Italian history, rather disappointing and assumes an air of superiority throughout the narration that is simply distasteful.

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Jumat, 20 April 2012

[F709.Ebook] Free Ebook Dynamic Simulations of Electric Machinery: Using MATLAB/SIMULINK

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Dynamic Simulations of Electric Machinery: Using MATLAB/SIMULINK

  • Published on: 1900
  • Binding: Paperback

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Sabtu, 14 April 2012

[U856.Ebook] PDF Download Strange news from another star,: And other tales, by Hermann Hesse

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Strange news from another star,: And other tales, by Hermann Hesse

“The war is nobody’s fault. It occurs by itself, like thunder and lightning. All of us who must fight wars are not the perpetrators. We are only their victims.”

"Strange News from Another Star" is a short fairy tale written by Hermann Hesse in April 1915, one year after the start of the 1st World War. In the fairy tale, two stars are juxtaposed.

On one star, life is valued, beauty is appreciated, reason is respected, humane traditions are cultivated, love and happiness are experienced and peace prevails.

On the other star, jealousy, hatred and despair are cultivated, wars are waged incessantly, battlefield murder is officially condoned, the countryside is left strewn with unattended cadavers and fear prevails.

The latter is clearly our world as Hesse saw it, rendered mythical, and the former is an idealized world that ours could be.

Unlike his earlier works, the story does not lend itself to rational interpretation. It is essentially a fairy tale dealing with the subconscious, magic and the dream world.

The fairy tale represents an intermediate stage between Hesse's initial ambiguous stance to the war, as an internationalist who tolerated war and a pacifist who looked forward to a German victory, and his later active anti-war campaign.

The story, which was titled “Merkwürdige Nachricht von einem anderen Stern” in German, was one of several that brought Hesse into conflict with supporters of the war, his country and its government.

This print edition contains new translations of Strange News from Another Star, Faldum, Iris, Fine Dream Sequence, A Difficult Path, The Poet and Augustus

  • Sales Rank: #5099947 in Books
  • Published on: 1972
  • Number of items: 1
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 145 pages

Language Notes
Text: English, German (translation)

Most helpful customer reviews

1 of 1 people found the following review helpful.
Disappointed
By Jack H.
There are several stories missing from the third edition that were in the previous edition. Including one of my favorites - Augustus.

5 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
Notes for those on a Spiritual Quest
By Michael Harty
These are some of the most spiritually awakened stories I have ever read. Fairy tales for grown ups, yet truly insightful and remarkable literature. I recommend these stories to everyone without reservation. Hesse is not just for teenagers with unfulfilled religious needs and spiritual curiosity. Read them!

1 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Love.
By Phrontisteries
Hermann Hesse is my all time favorite author and this book is another reason.

Great short stories! Love the writing.

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Kamis, 29 Maret 2012

[A943.Ebook] PDF Ebook Topical Memory System: Life Issues, Hide God's Word in Your HeartFrom Tyndale House Publishers

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Topical Memory System: Life Issues, Hide God's Word in Your HeartFrom Tyndale House Publishers

The Topical Memory System Life Issues guides you to 72 Scripture passages in six translations, helping you learn how to meditate on and memorize the Word of God. Developed by The Navigators, Topical Memory System (TMS) is a proven way to bring God’s Word into your mind and heart. Now includes six Bible versions: NIV, NASB, KJV, NKJV, ESV, and NLT.

Box contains the following:

  • Course workbook explaining the Topical Memory System
  • Softcover “book” consisting of the perforated cards in multiple translations
  • Vinyl wallet card holder for carrying the cards with you

  • Sales Rank: #142154 in Books
  • Brand: Tyndale House Publishers
  • Published on: 2009-11-13
  • Released on: 2009-10-30
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.30" h x .70" w x 6.50" l, .75 pounds
  • Binding: Cards
  • 2 pages

From the Back Cover
The Bible is nothing if not eminently practical. Its teachings are relevant, and, when applied to the tough issues of life, its principles have a renewing effect found nowhere else. In fact, we’re told in 2 Peter 1:3-4 that the Bible contains all we’ll ever need to live Christlike lives in the here and now. The challenge comes in knowing where to turn when the pressure is on.

When you need specific guidance regarding a compelling issue, it helps to have a reservoir of life-related truth stored up for instant access. In the TMS: Life Issues collection, you’ll find more than seventy passages of Scripture dealing with the pressing issues of daily life. By learning how to commit them to memory and reflect on them during times of need, you’ll discover within you a new and growing source of strength that will uphold you when temptation strikes and provide guidance in times of decision. Now updated to include Scripture memory in NIV, NASB, KJV, NKJV, ESV, and NLT.

So when the realities of life leave you looking for answers, turn to the Word. Only the truth has the power to set you free. The TMS: Life Issues collection includes: 1) Anger, Calvin Miller 2) Knowing God’s Will, Warren and Ruth Myers 3) Self-Image, Ralph Ennis 4) Dealing with Sin, Jerry Bridges 5) Guilt, Charles Stanley 6) Perfectionism, Lois Easley 7) Suffering, Joni Eareckson Tada 8) Depression, Geoff Gorsuch 9) Sex, Stephen A. Hayner 10) Money, Steve Thurman 11) Stress, Charles E. Hummel 12) Love, Ted W. Engstrom



About the Author
The Navigators is an interdenominational, nonprofit organization dedicated to helping people "know Christ and make Him known” as they look to Him and His Word to chart their lives.

Navigators have invested their lives in people for more than seventy-five years, coming alongside them life on life to study the Bible, develop a deepening prayer life, and memorize and apply Scripture, The ultimate goal is to equip Christ followers to fulfill 2 Timothy 2:2—to teach what they have learned to others.

Today, tens of thousands of people worldwide are coming to know and grow in Jesus Christ through the various ministries of The Navigators. Internationally, more than 4,600 Navigator staff of 70 nationalities serve in more than 100 countries.

Most helpful customer reviews

12 of 12 people found the following review helpful.
More than a Memorization Tool!
By Favorite Christian Books
Topical Memory System Life Issues
By The Navigators / NAV Press

When you need strength to face tough times, where should you turn? God's Word! Newly revised, this collection provides you with a reservoir of wisdom as you glean insights from 12 well-known Christian authors and memorize 72 Scripture passages on anger, guilt, perfectionism, sexuality, money, and more. Kit includes a 128-page Life Issues manual, 48 verse cards, and a plastic holder.

I was a little concerned about this book when I signed up for it. I figured it would be academic in its approach after all it came with verse cards. However, what I found was something much more useful. The book does provide verse cards but it also gives practical steps on how to memorize scripture. The basic stuff that we've probably all heard before. They also take that huge step of giving guidelines about how to know God's will, again, solid Biblical foundation.

It's what they offered next that I loved. Each chapter tackles an issues that are faced every day. One chapter talks about our self-imagine, including how we should view ourselves. Once you finish the chapter the authors list what scriptures that one should memorize. It makes the scripture memorization much more real. It's not just memorize this scriptures and here's how, but they give you the WHY! Struggling with depression? There's a chapter about depression. It talks about the downward spiral that many of us have faced. With well told stories of others who have experienced the disillusionment that leads to discouragement that finally lands us in depression. The chapter ends with the reminder that there is no condemnation. Then again questions to mediate upon and scripture. One of the things I love about the Navigators is it all revolves around the Word of God.

The other reason I like this book is I work on a college campus I interact with students almost daily. This book provides me a resource on how to encourage them in their daily lives. It gives me scripture to pray over them with. I see this book as a wonderful resource for pastors and lay leaders alike. Actually I think it's a good resource for every Christian. God's Word is truly our lifeline in this world.

Thank you to NavPress for the opportunity to read this book and give a review. I wish I could say I have all the scripture cards committed to memory, I don't. I hope to some day. But regardless, I have a book that is a wonderful tool to encourage myself and those that God may bring along my path.

11 of 11 people found the following review helpful.
Simple and Practical
By i blog 4 books
NavPress's Topical Memory System consists of a course workbook with an introduction to memorization and meditation of Scripture and twelve essays by various authors on topics that most people struggle with. Topics include knowing God's will, self-image, dealing with sin, guilt, perfectionism, anger, depression, sex, money, stress, suffering, and love. The other component is a book of memory verse cards and a card holder. The cards are perforated so you can you easily separate them and put them into the holder. Each topic has six memory verses written in six versions, so hopefully your version of choice is included.

What a wonderful resource! I know I need to memorize Scripture, but I find it somewhat difficult. This book gives simple, practical helps that I feel certain will make things a little easier. The essays were helpful to gain biblical perspective on each of the twelve issues. Additionally, the questions at the end of each chapter helped me really digest what I studied in the Scriptures. The system is set up in a way where you can master this discipline as long as you are just that ... disciplined. This would be a great book to work through with an accountability partner or small group or even your spouse.

The following quote pretty much sums up the basis for the rest of the book:

"The most substantial way to solve your deepest problems is to take them to God in prayer and to find His solutions in Scripture. In prayer, we call out to the living God from the depths of our soul; in Scripture memory and meditation, we find that God is calling us from the depths of His living Word. ... Both memory and meditation are vitally important. Scripture memory puts God's Word in your mind. Prayerful meditation puts God's Word in your mind. Having the mind of God directing your life can really help you overcome your anxieties" (pg. 6).

I received a free copy of this book from NavPress in exchange for my fair and honest review.

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Great for memorization
By L. R. Miller
I love this product. It was recommended by my pastor. There are several different products from the Navigators but I have really enjoyed the Life Issues because it is very applicable to problems in every day life. It has a section on anger, a section on depression, perfectionism, knowing God's will, and a host of current topics that are helpful. The memory cards are great and you can choose from one of the 6 translations that you want to memorize. The memory cards are from the KJV, NASB, NIV, NKJV, ESV and the NLT. They come with a small plastic carrier that holds several cards and it has a clear pocket on the outside of the carrier for the scripture that you are working on that day. It is easy to pull out and review. I highly recommend it.

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Topical Memory System: Life Issues, Hide God's Word in Your HeartFrom Tyndale House Publishers PDF
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Senin, 26 Maret 2012

[E526.Ebook] Get Free Ebook M3: The Mile The Mach The Minute, by Mike Roumens

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M3: The Mile The Mach The Minute, by Mike Roumens

Mental math for aviators. Easily compute angles, distance and time, wind components and drift angles, maximum wind effect. Visualize the actual wind on your HSI, get the right bank angles and turn radius calculations in a matter of seconds without using anything but brain power. Find the max range of a VHF station just by counting on your fingers, and more.. M3 is a book that gives back the power of mental math to aviators from all backgrounds, using simple tools and rules of thumb to avoid diverting attention while flying, thus enhancing situation awareness, promoting safe and efficient flying. Various examples are provided in the different sections to consolidate the comprehension at each level. Aviators will find here tried and tested rules of thumb as well as some innovative approaches to common situations encountered when airborne, while keeping the mental calculations to their simplest form. Soon you'll be ready to ditch the calculator!

  • Sales Rank: #785954 in Books
  • Published on: 2013-10-10
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 8.50" h x .28" w x 5.50" l, .33 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 120 pages

About the Author
Mike Roumens is an airline pilot with worldwide experience over 4 continents, from bush flying pilot to training captain and type rating instructor, examiner, and currently captain on Airbus A320. He has gained thousands of hours in various environments on turboprops and jet aircraft, working with people from different backgrounds and cultures in Africa, America, Asia and Europe. His endless curiosity, his passion for technical knowledge and aviation, the quest for efficiency, are key elements feeding a constant drive to improve flying tasks, while keeping on a practical level.

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3 of 3 people found the following review helpful.
Better than the competition
By Prime
Better than similar mental math pilot books. Easy to understand.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
Streamlined Mental Math book
By K-Ron
Excellent Mental Math book for preparing for technical interviews. It really hammers the 60-to-1 rule and how to apply it in multiple scenarios. There is a little overlap with the McElroy book, I'd recommend both as they are both a quick read.

2 of 2 people found the following review helpful.
This book is by far better than the Mental Math for Pilots
By Pedro
This book is by far better than the Mental Math for Pilots. The explanations of the math concepts are comprehensive but yet simple and reader friendly. It's a great book to have in your bookshelf and I highly recommend it!

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Selasa, 13 Maret 2012

[M406.Ebook] Get Free Ebook "You're Nobody 'Til Somebody Loves You" Sheet Music 1944. Ukelele, Voice and Piano. Southern Music Publishing, by Larry Stock and James Ca

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"You're Nobody 'Til Somebody Loves You" sheet music

  • Published on: 1944
  • Binding: Sheet music

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Senin, 05 Maret 2012

[Q467.Ebook] Ebook Download The Human Contribution: Unsafe Acts, Accidents and Heroic Recoveries, by James Reason

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The Human Contribution: Unsafe Acts, Accidents and Heroic Recoveries, by James Reason

This book explores the human contribution to the reliability and resilience of complex, well-defended systems. Usually the human is considered a hazard - a system component whose unsafe acts are implicated in the majority of catastrophic breakdowns. However there is another perspective that has been relatively little studied in its own right - the human as hero, whose adaptations and compensations bring troubled systems back from the brink of disaster time and again. What, if anything, did these situations have in common? Can these human abilities be ’bottled’ and passed on to others? The Human Contribution is vital reading for all professionals in high-consequence environments and for managers of any complex system. The book draws its illustrative material from a wide variety of hazardous domains, with the emphasis on healthcare reflecting the author’s focus on patient safety over the last decade. All students of human factors - however seasoned - will also find it an invaluable and thought-provoking read.

  • Sales Rank: #102808 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: Arena
  • Published on: 2008-12-30
  • Ingredients: Example Ingredients
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.10" h x .80" w x 6.10" l, 1.25 pounds
  • Binding: Paperback
  • 310 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Review
'The serious reader will find the book intensely moving at times. The wealth of real case studies, tragedies, splendid successes and discoveries, make it well balanced and difficult to put down. Certainly it merits repeated reading for continuous satisfaction and inspiration.' --Occupational Safety & Health, May 2009

About the Author
James Reason was Professor of Psychology at the University of Manchester from 1977-2001, from where he graduated in 1962. He obtained his PhD in 1967. From 1964-76, he was Lecturer then Reader in Psychology at the University of Leicester. He has also worked at the RAF Institute of Aviation Medicine, Farnborough, and the US Naval Aerospace Medical Institute, Pensacola. His primary research interest has been the human and organizational contributions to the breakdown of complex, well-defended systems. He has written books on absent-mindedness, human error, aviation human factors, on managing the risks of organizational accidents and, most recently, on error management in maintenance operations. He has researched and consulted in the fields of aviation, railways, nuclear power generation, maritime safety, oil exploration and production, mining, chemical process industry, road safety, banking and health care. He received the Distinguished Foreign Colleague Award from the US Human Factors and Ergonomics Society (1995), the Flight Safety Foundation/Airbus Industrie Award for achievements in human factors and flight safety (2001), and the Roger Green Medal from the Royal Aeronautical Society for contributions to human factors as applied to aerospace (2001), and the Flight Safety Foundation/Boeing Aviation Safety Lifetime Achievement Award (2002) He is a Fellow of the British Academy, the Royal Aeronautical Society and the British Psychological Society. He received an honorary DSc from the University of Aberdeen in 2002, and was awarded a CBE in 2003 for contributions to patient safety. In 2006, he was made an honorary fellow of the Royal College of General Practitioners.

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27 of 27 people found the following review helpful.
Reason's modesty is an essential contribution to the risk management debate
By S. D. E. Diekstra
James Reason's importance in shaping the current view on safety and accidents cannot be overstated. I could not agree more with this claim on the back cover of his latest book. The accident causation model that has brought Mr. Reason global fame, the Swiss cheese model, is at the foundation of most of the risk analysis models in use today.

The Human Contribution adds further to James' work but it also summarises a lot of his previous work. On the theoretical side, James describes some new risk models and comments on recent developments in risk models developed by others. Some of his comments are particularly interesting, I will provide you some extra highlights further below.

At the core of his new book are the stories of major accidents, in particular those where `heroic actions' prevented much worse from occurring. The Boeing from Air Canada that had to make an emergency landing on an air strip so small that the pilot had no choice but to gamble flying as if it was a glider plane (no one ever dared trying that). Captain Rostron who rescued the survivors of Titanic with an old ship that could have easily suffered the same fate as Titanic. There are many great stories of heroic behavior that are told by James in a very clear and factual manner.

The reason James puts such an emphasis on these stories becomes clear in his chapter on individual and collective mindfullness. The tension between the concept of `human as hazard' and `human as hero' is what Professor Reason has on his mind. His work on accident causation, which has led to the incredibly popular Tripod Beta incident analysis method, has contributed to organisations treating their employees mainly as hazards. He observes there is a trend towards less and less trust in human beings and a systems thinking that also reduces the chance that people will contribute positively to safety. James concludes that `heroic behavior' under extreme circumstances doesn't just happen, an organisation will need to do a lot to create the right basis. An organisation with mainly a `human as hazard' mental model will most likely do the opposite. This is a key point in his book.

I agree with Professor Reason that the `human as hazard' thinking has completely gotten out of hand. Quite a few organisations, both in government and in the Global Fortune 500, are creating such an extreme `one way of work culture' (stop thinking and do exactly as prescribed) that it has led to LESS safety and a dehumanizing treatment of their employees.

Another key point of The Human Contribution is its conclusion:

"As I come to write the final conclusions of this book, I am conscious of how ragged and inconclusive it is. I have provided you little in the way of formulae or prescriptions for safer operations. But, at least, I hope you would be suspicious of anything I (or any consultant) might have offered in this regard."

Now before I end with a list of the highlights of his book, I want to stress that James is underselling himself here. Professor Reason knows so much that he truly understands how little he really knows. His conclusion is a clear warning: beware of risk management consultants promising simple solutions and providing overconfident answers. In the real world, risk management is complex and seemingly muddy. Ambient Multi-Causality, all the factors in the world that can potentially contribute to an accident but have never seem to be a problem, keep combining in new ways and catching even the best risk managers off guard. Simple formulae for risk management can never be catch-all solutions. However, they can certainly assist in accident causation.

James concludes that the only thing you can do is to keep thinking and "do the best you can.". If the first and foremost risk thinker in the world is this modest about what he knows about risk, I hope it will help you to put in perspective the (bold) claims of the risk management consultants you may be talking to. They may know too little to know they know so little.

Some additional highlights:

- James has put in an extensive history and review of his own Swiss Cheese Model. Excellent, some stuff I never read elsewhere.

- Chapter 2 - A Mind's User Guide - very interesting. I never knew that people are so good at frequency gambling encounters of pretty much any kind. People often don't know they know it, but their `unconscious' will tell you if you ask the question right.

- Excellent overview of Human Error in general.

- Error Traps - excellent explanation of this concept and its importance. Sometimes risk management problems are simple, don't turn every incident into a leadership issue please!

- In chapter 7 James directly questions what he sees as reasoning errors in accident investigations. More troublingly, this extends to the current official Tripod Beta incident analysis method as used by companies like Shell. Mistaking latent conditions for underlying causes is what James calls a `counterfactual fallacy', and he gives a clear example of such a fallacy in the official accident investigation report into the Columbia Space Shuttle disaster. I don't agree with James on this point (I think it is all about causal power), but he has really got me thinking. Are we mistaking conditions for causes? And if so, when does it help and when does it hurt? (Fortunately, there are Tripodians who are using Investigator 3 with the term `latent condition' to avoid such counterfactual fallacies, so some Tripodians listen to Professor Reason).

- In addition, James clearly points out that what is identified by many as a latent condition or failure is really a Universal. Calling a reasonable balance between productivity and safety a latent failure is something James Reason would not agree with. The tightrope one has to walk between safety and productivity is universal, and `blaming' an organisation for the `latent failure' of the balance it has chosen is unReasonable (sorry, had to put that obligatory pun in somewhere). All kidding aside, James' strictness with respect to concepts and their definitions is very helpful in the discussion. This is a strength of his book, even though it is not perfect in this regard.

And a few points of critique:

- I have been informed that the metaphor of the Swiss Cheese model was proposed by the brilliant aviation safety expert Dr. Robert Bruce Lee. James has probably forgotten this himself. As James acknowledges the importance of the metaphor itself (I would say the model would never have become this popular without it), I hope that Dr. Robert Bruce Lee receives the proper recognition for his contribution.

- James confesses that he does not understand the stochastic resonance model developed by Erik Hollnagel, FRAM or the Functional Resonance Accident Model. That is incredible given the fact the if anyone should be able to understand it, it should be James Reason. Could even Professor Reason be suffering from Ambient Multi-Causality Coping Disorder (AMCCD)? I dare not even consider the possibility, as that could mean it may affect almost all of us. Erik Hollnagel's Functional Resonance Accident Model contains nothing less than the promise to provide us the tools to predict major accidents and a future credit crises. I have a hunch that Professor Reason really wants to say he thinks FRAM is nonsense, but people raised in the UK tend to phrase that as "I don't entirely understand it, but that fault is mine.". I appreciate that.

- I fear that some readers will expect to learn more about the process of accident investigation. Unfortunately this book is all about the `what we found' and almost nothing about the `how we investigated it'. So you will have to get an extra book for that. I highly recommend the TOP-SET Practical Handbook of Investigation by the renowned accident investigator David Ramsay.

- Some new safety models that James introduces in Chapter 14 in my opinion add little value to his Swiss Cheese Model. They're actually less clear and less useful than the cheese model. I would recommend to James to expand the Swiss Cheese Model and to expand the use of the cheese metaphor.

In my review I have tried to cover a broad range of topics in The Human Contribution. I hope that at least some of it has been helpful for you. One final tip: if you have not read any of Professor Reason's book, I recommend reading his book Managing the Risks of Organizational Accidents Managing the Risks of Organizational Accidents before you read this book. I realize I am undoubtedly suffering from some hindsight bias (meaning: I carry with me the knowledge and ideas from his previous work, cannot take the perspective of someone who hasn't read any of his books) and I have a hunch it will help greatly in understanding The Human Contribution and where James is coming from a decade after his last book.

Even if the only thing you take away from The Human Contribution is modesty and a healthy dose of doubt in how you approach safety and risk management, Professor Reason has delivered great work with his new book!

In short, I recommend The Human Contribution.

6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
A must for any Safety professional
By Lobke Van Mierlo
James Reason's books, Human Error, Managing the Risks of Organizational Accidents and now The Human Contribution should be a mandatory reading for anyone concerned with safety performance. This book is easy to read and takes us from the Human as hazard to the Human as hero and gives valuable insights. Also the Knotted Rubber band model is an important contribution to understand that safety performance is constantly drifting to either side of the desired safety level and emphasises the importance of staying on top of what is going on. For as Reason says in his final comments in the book "Safety is guerilla war".

6 of 8 people found the following review helpful.
Well worth the money
By Amazon Customer
It's hard to add to the very comprehensive review by S. D. E. Diekstra. So here are just a few personal observations:
* The first part of the book is devoted to a series of lists and definitions. Worthy and academically rigorous but, well, dull.
* There is some interesting theory, particularly around the author's "swiss cheese" model.
* The examples or "case studies" take up a fair part of the book and begin to look suspiciously like padding. They could easily be drawn from Wikipedia or similar sources. Much more detail than necessary.
* The summarising chapters, which introduce some additional theory, are worthwhile.

Overall I would have liked to have seen more theory and less detail in the description of accidents, but the book is well worth the money.

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